How to Tell the Maximum Aperture of a Lens

example:

* 50mm f/1.8
* 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6
* 28-300mm f/3.5-6.3

The first set of numbers represent the focal length or focal length range.
The second set of numbers these indicate the maximum aperture of the lens.there’s really no point in marking the MINIMUM aperture on the lens, because that’s pretty much the same for all lenses.

Constant Maximum Aperture.

The maximum aperture of a prime lens is only one.
With some zoom lenses, there can be TWO maximum apertures.because your zoom lens has a variable maximum aperture.
Example: 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 zoom.

* At 18mm the maximum aperture is f/3.5
* At 55mm the maximum aperture narrows to f/5.6

Somewhere in the middle of the zoom range (30mm) you’ll get a maximum aperture number somewhere in the middle – say, f/4.
Zoom lenses like this are a real problem for professional photographers who control their cameras manually. This is because with a variable max aperture zoom, exposure settings constantly change as you zoom in and out.
But there are plenty of zoom lenses with constant maximum apertures.

Example: 28-70mm f/2.8 (2.8 is the max aperture at both 28mm and 70mm and everywhere in between)

What Max Aperture Do You Need?

If your photos succeed or fail based on having a fast shutter speed (so that they don’t all turn out blurry) then you’re going to want to find a lens with a nice wide max aperture to help you get blazing-fast shutter speeds regardless of the amount of natural light.

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Aperture

The maximum aperture of the lens you choose can have a significant impact on the types of photos you can take with your digital SLR camera.

There is a standard scale for aperture numbers

1.4 / 2.0 / 2.8 / 4.0 / 5.6 / 8.0 / 11 / 16 / 22 / 32  let’s see picture below.

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Smaller Aperture Number (1.4) = Wider Aperture = More Light

Larger Aperture Number (16) = Narrower Aperture = Less Light

Maximum Aperture

The limit to how wide a lens can be opened is called the maximum aperture.

All lens apertures can be narrowed as much as you want. For example, every lens on the market today – regardless of manufacturer – can be set to f/16.

But every lens on the market cannot be opened up to f/1.4

Lens A might have a maximum aperture of f/2.8 while lens B will have a maximum aperture of f/4. While both lenses can be set to an aperture of f/8 (narrower than the maximum setting) the f/4 lens cannot be opened up to f/2.8.

The benefits of lenses with wide maximum apertures is

Natural Light Photos

A digital SLR camera sensor needs light to create an image.

There are two ways that it can get the light that it needs: it can keep the shutter open for a long period of time or open the aperture as wide as possible.

If you had a lens with more a maximum aperture Then you can use more a shutter speed which means that you can get clear photos without the flash.

Fast Shutter Speeds

Example: You set the aperture on your lens as wide as it can go (let’s say f/5.6), and check the shutter speed. The camera tells you that you can use a shutter speed of 1/125 of a second

If you had a lens with a wider maximum aperture you could get the shot. With a wider aperture (say f/2.8) your shutter speed could be 1/500 of a second.

Since the wide aperture lets in so much light, the shutter doesn’t have to stay open as long.

Reduced Depth of Field

Lenses with wide maximum apertures have shallow depth of field.

If you have a lens with a maximum aperture of f/5.6, you can’t reduce the depth of field as much as you can with a wider aperture.

Nature and portrait photographers use Wider Aperture all the time to reduce the impact of a busy background.

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What’s a Prime Lens?

A prime lens has a fixed focal length.Like this sample.

The focal length of the lens is set to one number and cannot be changed. If you enjoy taking photos at 28mm, 100mm and 300mm you’ll need 3 lenses, one for each focal length. They’re High Quality they’re give clearer photos than zoom lens and lighter in weight If you want a digital SLR camera with maximum portability, just attach a really nice lens to it and go on your way.

You can also get reasonably priced prime lenses with wide apertures that let in a lot of light. These are the perfect lenses for photographers who want to photograph in low light without using the flash.

Zoom Lens

A zoom lens has a variable focal length.Like this.

Nikon 55-200mm f/4-5.6G ED IF AF-S DX VR [Vibration Reduction] Zoom Nikkor Lens

These are the most common types of lenses available for digital SLR cameras. The standard lens packaged with many new digital SLRs is an 18-55mm zoom. Because flexibility offered by these lenses is very appealing to photographers who are just starting out with an SLR.
If you want to get a zoom lens that performs photo quality as well as a prime, you’re going to spend a lot of money.
Zooms lens cover a range of focal lengths, so any zoom you look at will always reference two numbers: the wide angle setting and the telephoto setting. Like this a 28-300mm zoom. Is
• Wide angle setting: 28mm
• Telephoto setting: 300mm

Zoom Range:

Wide Angle to Wide Angle:      10mm to 28mm

Wide Angle to Telephoto:        28mm to 300mm

Telephoto to Telephoto:          100mm to 600mm

Super Zoom :                         18mm to 300mm

Super zoom is a good lens to get started with (it gives you a wide range of photographic opportunities) .If you discover what you love to photograph, you can getting a specialty zoom that just covers the range you use the most.

Next tomorrow…

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Ok continue about Lens type.

Standard Lens

standard lens

Standard lenses are great for a wide range of photographic subjects, work well for portraits. They create natural-looking portraits without the facial distortion range that you get using a wide angle lens.
You can use lenses in this range for landscapes, the resulting photo just won’t have the same impact as it might with a wider view.

Telephoto Lens

telephoto lens

They work really good for getting you up close and personal with subjects that are far away.
The longer the focal length of a lens, the more it compresses the visual space. Telephoto photos just have less depth and three-dimensionality than lenses with wider focal lengths. It’s harder to tell the distance between objects when you use a telephoto lens.
They are ideal for non-pro sporting events – you can stand on the sidelines, but still get a close-up of the game.

Super-Telephoto Lens

supertelephoto lens

They are extremely expensive These lenses for professional photographers.
They are used by wildlife photographers, where getting up close is not an option and professional sporting event.
A super-telephoto lens really compresses visual space, and requires a lot of skill to use.

Next prime and zoom lens ..tomorrow.
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